以下以 snmp4j 套件提供處理 trap 的範例。
multithread trap receiver
trap receiver 必須在本機建立一個 UDP Port 162 的 server，一直等待 client 端發送 UDP trap，在處理這樣的 server時，multithread 是必要的。
程式範例
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Vector;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.snmp4j.CommandResponder;
import org.snmp4j.CommandResponderEvent;
import org.snmp4j.MessageDispatcherImpl;
import org.snmp4j.Snmp;
import org.snmp4j.TransportMapping;
import org.snmp4j.mp.MPv1;
import org.snmp4j.mp.MPv2c;
import org.snmp4j.mp.MPv3;
import org.snmp4j.security.AuthMD5;
import org.snmp4j.security.PrivDES;
import org.snmp4j.security.SecurityModels;
import org.snmp4j.security.SecurityProtocols;
import org.snmp4j.security.USM;
import org.snmp4j.security.UsmUser;
import org.snmp4j.smi.Address;
import org.snmp4j.smi.GenericAddress;
import org.snmp4j.smi.OctetString;
import org.snmp4j.smi.TcpAddress;
import org.snmp4j.smi.UdpAddress;
import org.snmp4j.smi.VariableBinding;
import org.snmp4j.transport.DefaultTcpTransportMapping;
import org.snmp4j.transport.DefaultUdpTransportMapping;
import org.snmp4j.util.MultiThreadedMessageDispatcher;
import org.snmp4j.util.ThreadPool;
public class SNMPTrapReceiver implements CommandResponder {
public static Logger logger = LoggerFactory
.getLogger(SNMPTrapReceiver.class.getName());
private MultiThreadedMessageDispatcher dispatcher;
private Snmp snmp = null;
private Address listenAddress;
private ThreadPool threadPool;
private int n = 0;
private long start = -1;
public SNMPTrapReceiver() {
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new SNMPTrapReceiver().run();
}
private void run() {
try {
init();
snmp.addCommandResponder(this);
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
private void init() throws UnknownHostException, IOException {
threadPool = ThreadPool.create("Trap", 10);
dispatcher = new MultiThreadedMessageDispatcher(threadPool,
new MessageDispatcherImpl());
listenAddress = GenericAddress.parse(System.getProperty(
"snmp4j.listenAddress", "udp:0.0.0.0/162"));
TransportMapping<?> transport;
if (listenAddress instanceof UdpAddress) {
transport = new DefaultUdpTransportMapping(
(UdpAddress) listenAddress);
} else {
transport = new DefaultTcpTransportMapping(
(TcpAddress) listenAddress);
}
USM usm = new USM(SecurityProtocols.getInstance(), new OctetString(
MPv3.createLocalEngineID()), 0);
usm.setEngineDiscoveryEnabled(true);
snmp = new Snmp(dispatcher, transport);
snmp.getMessageDispatcher().addMessageProcessingModel(new MPv1());
snmp.getMessageDispatcher().addMessageProcessingModel(new MPv2c());
snmp.getMessageDispatcher().addMessageProcessingModel(new MPv3(usm));
SecurityModels.getInstance().addSecurityModel(usm);
snmp.getUSM().addUser(
new OctetString("MD5DES"),
new UsmUser(new OctetString("MD5DES"), AuthMD5.ID,
new OctetString("UserName"), PrivDES.ID,
new OctetString("PasswordUser")));
snmp.getUSM().addUser(new OctetString("MD5DES"),
new UsmUser(new OctetString("MD5DES"), null, null, null, null));
snmp.listen();
}
public void processPdu(CommandResponderEvent event) {
if (start < 0) {
start = System.currentTimeMillis() - 1;
}
n++;
if ((n % 100 == 1)) {
logger.info("Processed "
+ (n / (double) (System.currentTimeMillis() - start))
* 1000 + "/s, total=" + n);
}
StringBuffer msg = new StringBuffer();
msg.append(event.toString());
Vector<? extends VariableBinding> varBinds = event.getPDU()
.getVariableBindings();
if (varBinds != null && !varBinds.isEmpty()) {
Iterator<? extends VariableBinding> varIter = varBinds.iterator();
while (varIter.hasNext()) {
VariableBinding var = varIter.next();
msg.append(var.toString()).append(";");
}
}
logger.info("Message Received: " + msg.toString());
}
}這是發送 trap 的範例，有區分 snmp v1, v2c, v3 三種協定。
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.snmp4j.CommandResponder;
import org.snmp4j.CommandResponderEvent;
import org.snmp4j.CommunityTarget;
import org.snmp4j.PDU;
import org.snmp4j.ScopedPDU;
import org.snmp4j.Snmp;
import org.snmp4j.TransportMapping;
import org.snmp4j.UserTarget;
import org.snmp4j.mp.MPv3;
import org.snmp4j.mp.SnmpConstants;
import org.snmp4j.security.SecurityLevel;
import org.snmp4j.security.SecurityModels;
import org.snmp4j.security.SecurityProtocols;
import org.snmp4j.security.USM;
import org.snmp4j.security.UsmUser;
import org.snmp4j.smi.Address;
import org.snmp4j.smi.GenericAddress;
import org.snmp4j.smi.IpAddress;
import org.snmp4j.smi.OID;
import org.snmp4j.smi.OctetString;
import org.snmp4j.smi.UdpAddress;
import org.snmp4j.smi.VariableBinding;
import org.snmp4j.transport.DefaultUdpTransportMapping;
import org.snmp4j.util.DefaultPDUFactory;
public class SNMPTrapGeneratorClient {
public static Logger logger = LoggerFactory
.getLogger(SNMPTrapGeneratorClient.class.getName());
private static final String community = "public";
private static final String trapOid = ".1.3.6.1.2.1.1.6";
private static final String ipAddress = "127.0.0.1";
private static final int port = 162;
public static void main(String args[]) {
sendSnmpV1V2Trap(SnmpConstants.version1);
sendSnmpV1V2Trap(SnmpConstants.version2c);
sendSnmpV3Trap();
}
/**
* This methods sends the V1/V2 trap
*
* @param version
*/
private static void sendSnmpV1V2Trap(int version) {
// send trap
sendV1orV2Trap(version, community, ipAddress, port);
}
private static PDU createPdu(int snmpVersion) {
PDU pdu = DefaultPDUFactory.createPDU(snmpVersion);
if (snmpVersion == SnmpConstants.version1) {
pdu.setType(PDU.V1TRAP);
} else {
pdu.setType(PDU.TRAP);
}
pdu.add(new VariableBinding(SnmpConstants.sysUpTime));
pdu.add(new VariableBinding(SnmpConstants.snmpTrapOID, new OID(trapOid)));
pdu.add(new VariableBinding(SnmpConstants.snmpTrapAddress,
new IpAddress(ipAddress)));
pdu.add(new VariableBinding(new OID(trapOid), new OctetString("Major")));
return pdu;
}
private static void sendV1orV2Trap(int snmpVersion, String community,
String ipAddress, int port) {
try {
// create v1/v2 PDU
PDU snmpPDU = createPdu(snmpVersion);
// Create Transport Mapping
TransportMapping<?> transport = new DefaultUdpTransportMapping();
transport.listen();
// Create Target
CommunityTarget comtarget = new CommunityTarget();
comtarget.setCommunity(new OctetString(community));
comtarget.setVersion(snmpVersion);
comtarget.setAddress(new UdpAddress(ipAddress + "/" + port));
comtarget.setRetries(2);
comtarget.setTimeout(5000);
// Send the PDU
Snmp snmp = new Snmp(transport);
snmp.send(snmpPDU, comtarget);
logger.info("Sent Trap to (IP:Port)=> " + ipAddress + ":" + port);
snmp.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("Error: ", e);
}
}
/**
* Sends the v3 trap
*/
private static void sendSnmpV3Trap() {
try {
Address targetAddress = GenericAddress.parse("udp:" + ipAddress
+ "/" + port);
TransportMapping<?> transport = new DefaultUdpTransportMapping();
Snmp snmp = new Snmp(transport);
USM usm = new USM(SecurityProtocols.getInstance(), new OctetString(
MPv3.createLocalEngineID()), 0);
SecurityModels.getInstance().addSecurityModel(usm);
transport.listen();
snmp.getUSM().addUser(
new OctetString("MD5DES"),
new UsmUser(new OctetString("MD5DES"), null, null, null,
null));
// Create Target
UserTarget target = new UserTarget();
target.setAddress(targetAddress);
target.setRetries(1);
target.setTimeout(11500);
target.setVersion(SnmpConstants.version3);
target.setSecurityLevel(SecurityLevel.NOAUTH_NOPRIV);
target.setSecurityName(new OctetString("MD5DES"));
// Create PDU for V3
ScopedPDU pdu = new ScopedPDU();
pdu.setType(ScopedPDU.NOTIFICATION);
pdu.add(new VariableBinding(SnmpConstants.sysUpTime));
pdu.add(new VariableBinding(SnmpConstants.snmpTrapOID,
SnmpConstants.linkDown));
pdu.add(new VariableBinding(new OID(trapOid), new OctetString(
"Major")));
// Send the PDU
snmp.send(pdu, target);
logger.info("Sending Trap to (IP:Port)=> " + ipAddress + ":"
+ port);
snmp.addCommandResponder(new CommandResponder() {
public void processPdu(CommandResponderEvent arg0) {
logger.info(arg0);
}
});
snmp.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("Error: ", e);
}
}
}執行結果
trap 發送端，很單純地就直接把 trap 送出去
2014-12-08 10:43:51,195 [main] INFO SNMPTrapGeneratorClient 91
Sent Trap to (IP:Port)=> 127.0.0.1:162
2014-12-08 10:43:51,204 [main] INFO SNMPTrapGeneratorClient 91
Sent Trap to (IP:Port)=> 127.0.0.1:162
2014-12-08 10:43:51,224 [main] INFO SNMPTrapGeneratorClient 137
Sending Trap to (IP:Port)=> 127.0.0.1:162trap 接收端
2014-12-08 10:43:51,279 [Trap.1] INFO SNMPTrapReceiver 102
Processed 1000.0/s, total=2
2014-12-08 10:43:51,279 [Trap.0] INFO SNMPTrapReceiver 118
Message Received: CommandResponderEvent[securityModel=1, securityLevel=1, maxSizeResponsePDU=65535, pduHandle=PduHandle[0], stateReference=StateReference[msgID=0,pduHandle=PduHandle[0],securityEngineID=null,securityModel=null,securityName=public,securityLevel=1,contextEngineID=null,contextName=null,retryMsgIDs=null], pdu=V1TRAP[reqestID=0,timestamp=0:00:00.00,enterprise=0.0,genericTrap=0,specificTrap=0, VBS[1.3.6.1.2.1.1.3.0 = Null; 1.3.6.1.6.3.1.1.4.1.0 = 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.6; 1.3.6.1.6.3.18.1.3.0 = 127.0.0.1; 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.6 = Major]], messageProcessingModel=0, securityName=public, processed=false, peerAddress=127.0.0.1/51136, transportMapping=org.snmp4j.transport.DefaultUdpTransportMapping@13fdb89, tmStateReference=null]1.3.6.1.2.1.1.3.0 = Null;1.3.6.1.6.3.1.1.4.1.0 = 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.6;1.3.6.1.6.3.18.1.3.0 = 127.0.0.1;1.3.6.1.2.1.1.6 = Major;
2014-12-08 10:43:51,286 [Trap.1] INFO SNMPTrapReceiver 118
Message Received: CommandResponderEvent[securityModel=2, securityLevel=1, maxSizeResponsePDU=65535, pduHandle=PduHandle[1338161657], stateReference=StateReference[msgID=0,pduHandle=PduHandle[1338161657],securityEngineID=null,securityModel=null,securityName=public,securityLevel=1,contextEngineID=null,contextName=null,retryMsgIDs=null], pdu=TRAP[requestID=1338161657, errorStatus=Success(0), errorIndex=0, VBS[1.3.6.1.2.1.1.3.0 = Null; 1.3.6.1.6.3.1.1.4.1.0 = 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.6; 1.3.6.1.6.3.18.1.3.0 = 127.0.0.1; 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.6 = Major]], messageProcessingModel=1, securityName=public, processed=false, peerAddress=127.0.0.1/51138, transportMapping=org.snmp4j.transport.DefaultUdpTransportMapping@13fdb89, tmStateReference=null]1.3.6.1.2.1.1.3.0 = Null;1.3.6.1.6.3.1.1.4.1.0 = 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.6;1.3.6.1.6.3.18.1.3.0 = 127.0.0.1;1.3.6.1.2.1.1.6 = Major;
2014-12-08 10:43:51,312 [Trap.2] INFO SNMPTrapReceiver 118
Message Received: CommandResponderEvent[securityModel=3, securityLevel=1, maxSizeResponsePDU=65428, pduHandle=PduHandle[1828414888], stateReference=null, pdu=TRAP[{contextEngineID=80:00:13:70:01:c0:a8:01:39:e2:ca:22:3e, contextName=}, requestID=1828414888, errorStatus=0, errorIndex=0, VBS[1.3.6.1.2.1.1.3.0 = Null; 1.3.6.1.6.3.1.1.4.1.0 = 1.3.6.1.6.3.1.1.5.3; 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.6 = Major]], messageProcessingModel=3, securityName=MD5DES, processed=false, peerAddress=127.0.0.1/51139, transportMapping=org.snmp4j.transport.DefaultUdpTransportMapping@13fdb89, tmStateReference=null]1.3.6.1.2.1.1.3.0 = Null;1.3.6.1.6.3.1.1.4.1.0 = 1.3.6.1.6.3.1.1.5.3;1.3.6.1.2.1.1.6 = Major;
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