Phoenix_9_OTP

Managing State with Processes

Functional programs are stateless，改用 Process 保存 state

新增 /rumbl/ib/rumbl/counter.ex

defmodule Rumbl.Counter do

  def inc(pid), do: send(pid, :inc)

  def dec(pid), do: send(pid, :dec)

  def val(pid, timeout \\ 5000) do 
    ref = make_ref()
    send(pid, {:val, self(), ref})
    receive do
      {^ref, val} -> val
    after timeout -> exit(:timeout)
    end
  end

  def start_link(initial_val) do 
    {:ok, spawn_link(fn -> listen(initial_val) end)}
  end

  defp listen(val) do 
    receive do
      :inc -> listen(val + 1)
      :dec -> listen(val - 1)
      {:val, sender, ref} ->
        send sender, {ref, val}
        listen(val)
    end
  end
end

這是一個獨立的 counter service，Counter API 有三個

1. :inc
2. :dec
3. :val

:inc :dec 是非同步的呼叫

:val 不同，發送 message 後，會用 receive 等待回應。

make_ref() 是一個 global unique reference，可在 global (cluster) 環境中運作。

^ref 表示我們是以 pattern matching 的方式，判斷是不是回傳了正確的 process reference

OTP 需要一個 startlink function，並以 initialval 為 counter 初始的 state

程式中沒有看到任何 global variable 儲存 state，而是呼叫 listen，listen 會以 receive 去 block 並等待 message，而 val 就是放在這個 function 的參數上。process state 是用 recursive function 的方式不斷重複發送給下一個 listen，這是 tail recursive。

---

測試 Counter

$ iex -S mix

iex(1)> alias Rumbl.Counter
Rumbl.Counter
iex(2)> {:ok, counter} = Counter.start_link(0)
{:ok, #PID<0.270.0>}
iex(3)> Counter.inc(counter)
:inc
iex(4)> Counter.inc(counter)
:inc

iex(5)> Counter.val(counter)
2
iex(6)> Counter.dec(counter)
:dec
iex(7)> Counter.val(counter)
1

Building GenServer for OTP

更新 /lib/rumbl/counter.ex

defmodule Rumbl.Counter do
  use GenServer

  def inc(pid), do: GenServer.cast(pid, :inc)

  def dec(pid), do: GenServer.cast(pid, :dec)

  def val(pid) do
    GenServer.call(pid, :val)
  end

  def start_link(initial_val) do
    GenServer.start_link(__MODULE__, initial_val)
  end

  def init(initial_val) do
    {:ok, initial_val}
  end

  def handle_cast(:inc, val) do
    {:noreply, val + 1}
  end

  def handle_cast(:dec, val) do
    {:noreply, val - 1}
  end

  def handle_call(:val, _from, val) do
    {:reply, val, val}
  end
end

GenServer.cast 是非同步呼叫，server 以 handle_cast 處理，最後會 return {:noreply, val + 1} ，因為呼叫者不需要這個 reply message

GenServer.call 是同步呼叫，server 以 handle_call 處理

測試

$ iex -S mix
iex(1)> alias Rumbl.Counter
Rumbl.Counter
iex(2)> {:ok, counter} = Counter.start_link(0)
{:ok, #PID<0.269.0>}
iex(3)> Counter.inc(counter)
:ok
iex(4)> Counter.val(counter)
1
iex(5)> Counter.dec(counter)
:ok
iex(6)> Counter.val(counter)
0

---

Adding Failover

利用 Supervisor 監控 counter

Phoenix 並沒有很多處理 fail exception 的 code，而是以 error reporting 的方式處理，同時加上自動 restart service。

修改 /lib/rumbl.ex

defmodule Rumbl do
  use Application

  # See http://elixir-lang.org/docs/stable/elixir/Application.html
  # for more information on OTP Applications
  def start(_type, _args) do
    import Supervisor.Spec, warn: false

    children = [
      supervisor(Rumbl.Endpoint, []),
      supervisor(Rumbl.Repo, []),
      worker(Rumbl.Counter, [5]), # new counter worker
    ]

    opts = [strategy: :one_for_one, name: Rumbl.Supervisor]
    Supervisor.start_link(children, opts)
  end

  # Tell Phoenix to update the endpoint configuration
  # whenever the application is updated.
  def config_change(changed, _new, removed) do
    Rumbl.Endpoint.config_change(changed, removed)
    :ok
  end
end

child spec 定義 Elixir application 要啟動的 children，將 counter 這個 worker 加入 children list。

opts 是 supervision policy，這裡是使用 :oneforone

:oneforall 是 kill and restart all child processes

---

在 /lib/rumbl/counter.ex 加上 :tick 及處理 :tick 的 handle_info，每 1000ms 就倒數一次

  def init(initial_val) do
    Process.send_after(self, :tick, 1000)
    {:ok, initial_val}
  end

  def handle_info(:tick, val) do
    IO.puts "tick #{val}"
    Process.send_after(self, :tick, 1000)
    {:noreply, val - 1}
  end

再加上一點檢查，只倒數到 0 ，就會 raise exception，OTP process 會 crash

def init(initial_val) do
    Process.send_after(self, :tick, 1000)
    {:ok, initial_val}
  end

  def handle_info(:tick, val) when val <= 0, do: raise "boom!"
  def handle_info(:tick, val) do
    IO.puts "tick #{val}"
    Process.send_after(self, :tick, 1000)
    {:noreply, val - 1}
  end

但可發現它會自動重新啟動

$ iex -S mix
iex(1)> tick 5
tick 4
tick 3
tick 2
tick 1
[error] GenServer #PID<0.365.0> terminating
** (RuntimeError) boom!
    (rumbl) lib/rumbl/counter.ex:21: Rumbl.Counter.handle_info/2
    (stdlib) gen_server.erl:616: :gen_server.try_dispatch/4
    (stdlib) gen_server.erl:686: :gen_server.handle_msg/6
    (stdlib) proc_lib.erl:247: :proc_lib.init_p_do_apply/3
Last message: :tick
State: 0
tick 5
tick 4
tick 3
tick 2
tick 1

---

Restart Strategies

預設 child processes 的 restart strategy 是 :permanent，也可以用 restart 指定

worker(Rumbl.Counter, [5], restart: :permanent),

1. :permanent

   child is always restarted (default)

2. :temporary

   child is never restarted

3. :transient

   只在異常終止時 restart，也就是 :normal, :shutdown, {:shutdown, term} 以外的 exit reason

另外還有 maxrestarts 及 maxseconds 參數，在 maxsecodns 時間內可以 restart maxrestarts 次

預設是 3 restarts in 5 seconds

Supervision Strategies

1. :oneforone

   a child terminates -> supervisor restars only that process

2. :oneforall

   a child tetminates -> supervisor terminates all children and restarts them

3. :restforone

   a child terminates -> supervisor terminates all child processes defiend after the one that dies，並 restart all terminated processes

4. :simpleonefor_one

   類似 :oneforone，用在 supervisor 需要動態 supervise processes 的情況，例如 web server 需要 supervise web requests，通常有 10 ~ 100,000 個 concurrent running processes

把 strategy 換成 :oneforall 測試

def start(_type, _args) do
    import Supervisor.Spec, warn: false

    children = [
      supervisor(Rumbl.Endpoint, []),
      supervisor(Rumbl.Repo, []),
      worker(Rumbl.Counter, [5]), # new counter worker
    ]

    opts = [strategy: :one_for_all, name: Rumbl.Supervisor]
    Supervisor.start_link(children, opts)
  end

啟動 Phoenix server 會發現 Cowboy 也 restart

tick 2
tick 1
[error] GenServer #PID<0.348.0> terminating
** (RuntimeError) boom!
    (rumbl) lib/rumbl/counter.ex:21: Rumbl.Counter.handle_info/2
    (stdlib) gen_server.erl:616: :gen_server.try_dispatch/4
    (stdlib) gen_server.erl:686: :gen_server.handle_msg/6
    (stdlib) proc_lib.erl:247: :proc_lib.init_p_do_apply/3
Last message: :tick
State: 0
[info] Running Rumbl.Endpoint with Cowboy using http://localhost:4000
tick 5

現在把 worker 拿掉，strategy 改回 :oneforone

children = [
    supervisor(Rumbl.Endpoint, []),
    supervisor(Rumbl.Repo, [])
]

opts = [strategy: :one_for_one, name: Rumbl.Supervisor]

---

Using Agents

agent 類似 GenServer，但只有 5 個 main functions

start_link 啟動 agent, stop 停止, update 更新 agent 狀態

$ iex -S mix

iex(1)> import Agent
Agent
iex(2)> {:ok, agent} = start_link fn -> 5 end
{:ok, #PID<0.258.0>}
iex(3)> update agent, &(&1 + 1)
:ok
iex(4)> get agent, &(&1)
6
iex(5)> stop agent
:ok

加上 :name option

iex(7)> {:ok, agent} = start_link fn -> 5 end, name: MyAgent
{:ok, #PID<0.265.0>}
iex(8)> update MyAgent, &(&1 + 1)
:ok
iex(9)> get MyAgent, &(&1)
6
iex(10)> stop MyAgent
:ok

重複名稱會發生 error

iex(11)> {:ok, agent} = start_link fn -> 5 end, name: MyAgent
{:ok, #PID<0.271.0>}
iex(12)> {:ok, agent} = start_link fn -> 5 end, name: MyAgent
** (MatchError) no match of right hand side value: {:error, {:already_started, #PID<0.271.0>}}

Phoenix.Channel 就是用 Agent 實作

Design an Information System with OTP

新增 /lib/rumbl/infosyssupervisor.ex

defmodule Rumbl.InfoSys.Supervisor do
  use Supervisor

  def start_link() do
    Supervisor.start_link(__MODULE__, [], name: __MODULE__)
  end

  def init(_opts) do
    children = [
      worker(Rumbl.InfoSys, [], restart: :temporary)
    ]

    supervise children, strategy: :simple_one_for_one
  end
end

修改 /lib/rumbl.ex

    children = [
      supervisor(Rumbl.Endpoint, []),
      supervisor(Rumbl.InfoSys.Supervisor, []), # new supervisor
      supervisor(Rumbl.Repo, []),
#      worker(Rumbl.Counter, [5]), # new counter worker
    ]

---

Building a start_link Proxy

啟動時動態決定要幾個 service，要製作一個 worker，可啟動多個 backends

proxy function 是 client, server 之間的 lightweight function interface

新增 /lib/rumbl/info_sys.ex

defmodule Rumbl.InfoSys do
  @backends [Rumbl.InfoSys.Wolfram]

  defmodule Result do
    defstruct score: 0, text: nil, url: nil, backend: nil
  end

  def start_link(backend, query, query_ref, owner, limit) do 
    backend.start_link(query, query_ref, owner, limit)
  end

  def compute(query, opts \\ []) do 
    limit = opts[:limit] || 10
    backends = opts[:backends] || @backends

    backends
    |> Enum.map(&spawn_query(&1, query, limit))
  end

  defp spawn_query(backend, query, limit) do 
    query_ref = make_ref()
    opts = [backend, query, query_ref, self(), limit]
    {:ok, pid} = Supervisor.start_child(Rumbl.InfoSys.Supervisor, opts)
    {pid, query_ref}
  end
end

InfoSys 跟一般 GenServer 有一點不同，裡面存放到 results 到 module attribute -> 所有支援的 backends 為 list

Result struct 會儲存每個 search result 的結果，還有 score 及 relevnace, text to describe the result, url

startlink 就是 proxy，會再呼叫其他 backend 的 startlink

compute 會 maps over all backends，呼叫每個 backend 的 spawn_query

Building the Wolfram into System

修改 /rumbl/mix.exs

{:sweet_xml, "~> 0.5.0"},

mix deps.get

到 wolfram 申請帳號，及 APP ID

APP NAME: wolfram
APPID: LP93J3-XXXXXXXXXX

新增設定 /config/dev.secret.exs

use Mix.Config
config :rumbl, :wolfram, app_id: "LP93J3-XXXXXXXXXX"

記得將 /config/dev.secret.exs 放到 .gitignore

修改 /config/dev.exs，最後面加上

import_config "dev.secret.exs"

新增 /lib/rumbl/info_sys/wolfram.ex

defmodule Rumbl.InfoSys.Wolfram do
  import SweetXml
  alias Rumbl.InfoSys.Result

  def start_link(query, query_ref, owner, limit) do 
    Task.start_link(__MODULE__, :fetch, [query, query_ref, owner, limit])
  end

  def fetch(query_str, query_ref, owner, _limit) do 
    query_str
    |> fetch_xml()
    |> xpath(~x"/queryresult/pod[contains(@title, 'Result') or
                                 contains(@title, 'Definitions')]
                            /subpod/plaintext/text()")
    |> send_results(query_ref, owner)
  end

  defp send_results(nil, query_ref, owner) do 
    send(owner, {:results, query_ref, []})
  end
  defp send_results(answer, query_ref, owner) do
    results = [%Result{backend: "wolfram", score: 95, text: to_string(answer)}]
    send(owner, {:results, query_ref, results})
  end

  defp fetch_xml(query_str) do 
    {:ok, {_, _, body}} = :httpc.request(
      String.to_char_list("http://api.wolframalpha.com/v2/query" <>
        "?appid=#{app_id()}" <>
        "&input=#{URI.encode(query_str)}&format=plaintext"))
    body
  end

  defp app_id, do: Application.get_env(:rumbl, :wolfram)[:app_id]
end

這個 module 並沒有 GenServer 的 callbacks，因為這個 process 是一個 task，GenServer 是一個 generic server 可計算並儲存 state，但有時我們只需要 store state 或是 只需要執行某個 function。

Agent 是簡化的 GenServer 可儲存 state task 是個簡單的 process 可執行某個 function

SweetXml 用來 parse XML，Result 是 the struct for the results

Task.start_link 是啟動 Task 的方式

fetch_xml 裡面試用 :httpc，這是 erlang 的 standard library，可處理 HTTP request

sendresults(queryref, owner) 將結果回傳給 requester

有兩種 send_results，分為有 answer 或沒有

先用 iex -S mix 測試

iex(4)> Rumbl.InfoSys.compute("what is elixir?")
[{#PID<0.592.0>, #Reference<0.3775272462.1982070785.26789>}]
iex(5)> flush()
:ok
iex(6)> flush()
:ok
iex(7)> flush()
{:results, #Reference<0.3775272462.1982070785.26789>,
 [%Rumbl.InfoSys.Result{backend: "wolfram", score: 95,
   text: "1 | noun | a sweet flavored liquid (usually containing a small amount of alcohol) used in compounding medicines to be taken by mouth in order to mask an unpleasant taste\n2 | noun | hypothetical substance that the alchemists believed to be capable of changing base metals into gold\n3 | noun | a substance believed to cure all ills",
   url: nil}]}
:ok

要讓 service 更堅固，必須做以下工作

1. 偵測 backend crash，這樣就不要等 results

2. 由 backend 取得結果要根據 score 排序

3. 需要 timeout 機制

---

Monitoring Processes

使用 Process.monitor 在 waiting results 時偵測 backend crashes，一但設定了 monitor，會在該 process dies 時，收到 message。

測試

iex(1)> pid = spawn(fn -> :ok end)
#PID<0.261.0>
iex(2)> Process.monitor(pid)
#Reference<0.777943872.2254438401.3282>
iex(3)> flush()
{:DOWN, #Reference<0.777943872.2254438401.3282>, :process, #PID<0.261.0>,
 :noproc}
:ok

---

修改 /lib/rumbl/info_sys.ex

defmodule Rumbl.InfoSys do
  @backends [Rumbl.InfoSys.Wolfram]

  defmodule Result do
    defstruct score: 0, text: nil, url: nil, backend: nil
  end

  def start_link(backend, query, query_ref, owner, limit) do
    backend.start_link(query, query_ref, owner, limit)
  end

  def compute(query, opts \\ []) do
    limit = opts[:limit] || 10
    backends = opts[:backends] || @backends

    backends
    |> Enum.map(&spawn_query(&1, query, limit))
    |> await_results(opts)
    |> Enum.sort(&(&1.score >= &2.score))
    |> Enum.take(limit)
  end

  defp spawn_query(backend, query, limit) do
    query_ref = make_ref()
    opts = [backend, query, query_ref, self(), limit]
    {:ok, pid} = Supervisor.start_child(Rumbl.InfoSys.Supervisor, opts)
    monitor_ref = Process.monitor(pid)
    {pid, monitor_ref, query_ref}
  end

  defp await_results(children, _opts) do
    await_result(children, [], :infinity)
  end

  defp await_result([head|tail], acc, timeout) do
    {pid, monitor_ref, query_ref} = head

    receive do
      {:results, ^query_ref, results} ->
        Process.demonitor(monitor_ref, [:flush])
        await_result(tail, results ++ acc, timeout)
      {:DOWN, ^monitor_ref, :process, ^pid, _reason} ->
        await_result(tail, acc, timeout)
    end
  end

  defp await_result([], acc, _) do
    acc
  end
end

compute 會自動等待 results，收到時，會 sorting by score，並回報 top ones

spawn_query 裡面增加了 Process.monitor(pid)

awaitresults 是 recursive function，在每次呼叫 awaitresults 就會新增一個 result 到 list

正確的 result 會 match {:results, ^query_ref, result}

Process.demonitor(monitor_ref, [:flush]) 是將 monitor process 移除

現在 compute 會自動處理結果

iex(1)> Rumbl.InfoSys.compute("what is the meaning of life?")
[%Rumbl.InfoSys.Result{backend: "wolfram", score: 95,
  text: "42\n(according to the book The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy, by Douglas Adams)",
  url: nil}]

---

Timeout

receive 可設定 after 這個 timeout 機制

receive do
  :this_will_never_arrive -> :ok
after
  1_000 -> :timedout
end

修改 /lib/rumbl/infosys.ex 等待 backend 5000 ms

defmodule Rumbl.InfoSys do
  @backends [Rumbl.InfoSys.Wolfram]

  defmodule Result do
    defstruct score: 0, text: nil, url: nil, backend: nil
  end

  def start_link(backend, query, query_ref, owner, limit) do
    backend.start_link(query, query_ref, owner, limit)
  end

  def compute(query, opts \\ []) do
    limit = opts[:limit] || 10
    backends = opts[:backends] || @backends

    backends
    |> Enum.map(&spawn_query(&1, query, limit))
    |> await_results(opts)
    |> Enum.sort(&(&1.score >= &2.score))
    |> Enum.take(limit)
  end

  defp spawn_query(backend, query, limit) do
    query_ref = make_ref()
    opts = [backend, query, query_ref, self(), limit]
    {:ok, pid} = Supervisor.start_child(Rumbl.InfoSys.Supervisor, opts)
    monitor_ref = Process.monitor(pid)
    {pid, monitor_ref, query_ref}
  end

  defp await_results(children, opts) do
    timeout = opts[:timeout] || 5000
    timer = Process.send_after(self(), :timedout, timeout) 
    results = await_result(children, [], :infinity)
    cleanup(timer)
    results
  end

  defp await_result([head|tail], acc, timeout) do
    {pid, monitor_ref, query_ref} = head

    receive do
      {:results, ^query_ref, results} ->
        Process.demonitor(monitor_ref, [:flush])
        await_result(tail, results ++ acc, timeout)
      {:DOWN, ^monitor_ref, :process, ^pid, _reason} ->
        await_result(tail, acc, timeout)
      :timedout -> 
        kill(pid, monitor_ref)
        await_result(tail, acc, 0)
    after
      timeout ->
        kill(pid, monitor_ref)
        await_result(tail, acc, 0)
    end
  end

  defp await_result([], acc, _) do
    acc
  end

  defp kill(pid, ref) do 
    Process.demonitor(ref, [:flush])
    Process.exit(pid, :kill)
  end

  defp cleanup(timer) do  
    :erlang.cancel_timer(timer)
    receive do
      :timedout -> :ok
    after
      0 -> :ok
    end
  end
end

---

Integrating OTP Services with Channels

將剛剛的服務放到 VideoChannel 中

修改 /web/channels/video_channel.ex

defmodule Rumbl.VideoChannel do
  use Rumbl.Web, :channel
  alias Rumbl.AnnotationView

  def join("videos:" <> video_id, params, socket) do
    last_seen_id = params["last_seen_id"] || 0
    video_id = String.to_integer(video_id)
    video = Repo.get!(Rumbl.Video, video_id)

    annotations = Repo.all(
      from a in assoc(video, :annotations),
      where: a.id > ^last_seen_id,
      order_by: [asc: a.at, asc: a.id],
      limit: 200,
      preload: [:user]
    )
    resp = %{annotations: Phoenix.View.render_many(annotations, AnnotationView,
      "annotation.json")}

    {:ok, resp, assign(socket, :video_id, video.id)}
  end

  def handle_in(event, params, socket) do
    user = Repo.get(Rumbl.User, socket.assigns.user_id)
    handle_in(event, params, user, socket)
  end

  def handle_in("new_annotation", params, user, socket) do
    changeset =
      user
      |> build_assoc(:annotations, video_id: socket.assigns.video_id)
      |> Rumbl.Annotation.changeset(params)

    case Repo.insert(changeset) do
      {:ok, ann} ->
        broadcast_annotation(socket, ann)
        Task.start_link(fn -> compute_additional_info(ann, socket) end)
        {:reply, :ok, socket}

      {:error, changeset} ->
        {:reply, {:error, %{errors: changeset}}, socket}
    end
  end

  defp broadcast_annotation(socket, annotation) do
    annotation = Repo.preload(annotation, :user)
    rendered_ann = Phoenix.View.render(AnnotationView, "annotation.json", %{
      annotation: annotation
    })
    broadcast! socket, "new_annotation", rendered_ann
  end

  defp compute_additional_info(ann, socket) do
    for result <- Rumbl.InfoSys.compute(ann.body, limit: 1, timeout: 10_000) do
      attrs = %{url: result.url, body: result.text, at: ann.at}
      info_changeset =
        Repo.get_by!(Rumbl.User, username: result.backend)
        |> build_assoc(:annotations, video_id: ann.video_id)
        |> Rumbl.Annotation.changeset(attrs)

      case Repo.insert(info_changeset) do
        {:ok, info_ann} -> broadcast_annotation(socket, info_ann)
        {:error, _changeset} -> :ignore
      end
    end
  end
end

新增 /rumbl/priv/repo/backend_seeds.exs

alias Rumbl.Repo
alias Rumbl.User

Repo.insert!(%User{name: "Wolfram", username: "wolfram"})

$ mix run priv/repo/backend_seeds.exs
Compiling 19 files (.ex)
warning: String.to_char_list/1 is deprecated, use String.to_charlist/1
  lib/rumbl/info_sys/wolfram.ex:29

warning: function authenticate/2 is unused
  web/controllers/user_controller.ex:40

[debug] QUERY OK db=0.2ms queue=12.1ms
begin []
[debug] QUERY OK db=0.9ms
INSERT INTO `users` (`name`,`username`,`inserted_at`,`updated_at`) VALUES (?,?,?,?) ["Wolfram", "wolfram", {{2017, 9, 7}, {3, 55, 52, 165910}}, {{2017, 9, 7}, {3, 55, 52, 168676}}]
[debug] QUERY OK db=1.8ms
commit []

Inpsecting with Observer

erlang 有個 Observer 工具，可用這個方式啟動

:observer.start

iex -S mix

# 用這個方式啟動，可查看 Phoenix 部分的狀況
iex -S mix phoenix.server

supervision tree 是一個好的工具，可以觀察要怎麼將 application 分開。現在我們要將 application 分成兩個部分 :rumbl 及 :info_sys

利用 umbrella project 來處理

Using Umbrellas

每個 umbrella project 目錄包含以下的部分

1. shared configuration of the project
2. dependencies for the project
3. apps 目錄 with child applications

要重新產生一個 umbrella project

$ mix new rumbrella --umbrella
* creating .gitignore
* creating README.md
* creating mix.exs
* creating apps
* creating config
* creating config/config.exs

Your umbrella project was created successfully.
Inside your project, you will find an apps/ directory
where you can create and host many apps:

    cd rumbrella
    cd apps
    mix new my_app

Commands like "mix compile" and "mix test" when executed
in the umbrella project root will automatically run
for each application in the apps/ directory.

---

將 InfoSys 移動到 rumbrella 下面

$ cd rumbrella/apps

$ mix new info_sys --sup
* creating README.md
* creating .gitignore
* creating mix.exs
* creating config
* creating config/config.exs
* creating lib
* creating lib/info_sys.ex
* creating lib/info_sys/application.ex
* creating test
* creating test/test_helper.exs
* creating test/info_sys_test.exs

Your Mix project was created successfully.
You can use "mix" to compile it, test it, and more:

    cd info_sys
    mix test

Run "mix help" for more commands.

將 InfoSys 由 rumbl 移到 info_sys

1. 將 rumbl/lib/rumbl/infosys.ex Rumbl.InfoSys 改為 InfoSys 並複製到 infosys/lib/info_sys.ex ，前面加上

   use Application
   
   def start(_type, _args) do
   InfoSys.Supervisor.start_link()
   end
   
   @backends [InfoSys.Wolfram]

2. 將 /rumbl/lib/rumbl/infosys/supervisor.ex Rumbl.InfoSys.Supervisor 改為 InfoSys.Supervisor 並複製到 infosys/lib/info_sys/supervisor.ex

3. 將 /rumbl/lib/rumbl/infosys/wolfram.ex 的 Rumbl.InfoSys.Wolfram module 改為 InfoSys.Wolfram，並複製到 infosys/lib/info_sys/wolfram.ex

4. 把所有 "Rumbl.InfoSys" 都改為 "InfoSys"

5. 修改 lib/infosys/wolfram.ex，由 :rumbl 改為 :infosys

   defp app_id, do: Application.get_env(:info_sys, :wolfram)[:app_id]

6. 修改 apps/info_sys/mix.exs

   def deps do
       [
       {:sweet_xml, "~> 0.5.0"}
       ]
   end

7. 在 rumbrella 目錄執行 $ mix deps.get

---

將 rumbl 改為 umbrella child

1. 將整個 rumbl 移動到 apps 目錄

2. 修改 rumbrella/apps/rumbl/mix.exs，增加

     build_path: "../../_build",
     config_path: "../../config/config.exs",
     deps_path: "../../deps",
     lockfile: "../../mix.lock",

3. 修改 applicaton ，增加 :info_sys

   def application do
       [mod: {Rumbl, []},
        applications: [:phoenix, :phoenix_pubsub, :phoenix_html, :cowboy, :logger, :gettext,
                       :phoenix_ecto, :mariaex, :comeonin, :info_sys]]
     end

4. 更新 dependencies，移除 :sweetxml ，增加 :infosys

   {:info_sys, in_umbrella: true},

5. 修改 rumbl/lib/rumbl.ex 移除 Rumbl.InfoSys

       children = [
         supervisor(Rumbl.Endpoint, []),
         supervisor(Rumbl.Repo, []),
       ]

6. 修改 /web/channlel/videochannel.ex 的 computeadditional_info 將 Rumbl.InfoSys 改為 InfoSys

7. 修改 cofnig/dev.secrets.exs 改為 :info_sys

   use Mix.Config
   config :info_sys, :wolfram, app_id: "LP93J3-XXXXXX"

8. 修改 rumbl/package.json

     "dependencies": {
       "phoenix": "file:../../deps/phoenix",
       "phoenix_html": "file:../../deps/phoenix_html"
     },

在 rumbrella 目錄中

$ mix deps.get
$ mix test

References

Programming Phoenix